An evaluation of nurses' adherence to infection prevention protocols in surgical theatres at University of Benin Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Infection prevention and control (IPC) are critical components of patient safety, especially in surgical settings, where the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is heightened. Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most common complications following surgery, leading to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and in some cases, life-threatening conditions. Nurses working in surgical theatres play a key role in preventing infections by adhering to established infection prevention protocols, including hand hygiene, sterile techniques, and the proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) (Nwanne et al., 2023). Adherence to these protocols is essential to minimizing the risk of SSIs and ensuring optimal surgical outcomes.
At University of Benin Teaching Hospital, surgical nurses are responsible for maintaining aseptic conditions in the operating room, preparing sterile instruments, and providing post-operative care to patients. However, there have been reports of lapses in adherence to infection prevention protocols in some healthcare settings, potentially compromising patient safety. This study aims to evaluate the level of adherence to infection prevention protocols among nurses working in surgical theatres at University of Benin Teaching Hospital and identify factors that may influence their adherence to these critical protocols.
Statement of the Problem
Infection prevention protocols are crucial for preventing SSIs and ensuring patient safety in surgical settings. However, there are concerns about the level of adherence to these protocols among nurses working in surgical theatres at University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Non-adherence to infection prevention guidelines, such as inadequate hand hygiene practices, improper use of sterile instruments, or failure to wear appropriate PPE, could lead to increased rates of infection and poor patient outcomes. This study will assess nurses' adherence to infection prevention protocols and identify factors that contribute to any lapses in adherence.
Objectives of the Study
- To evaluate the level of adherence to infection prevention protocols among nurses in surgical theatres at University of Benin Teaching Hospital.
- To identify the factors that influence nurses' adherence to infection prevention protocols in surgical settings.
- To assess the impact of adherence to infection prevention protocols on the incidence of surgical site infections at University of Benin Teaching Hospital.
Research Questions
- What is the level of adherence to infection prevention protocols among nurses in surgical theatres at University of Benin Teaching Hospital?
- What factors influence nurses' adherence to infection prevention protocols in surgical theatres?
- How does adherence to infection prevention protocols affect the incidence of surgical site infections at University of Benin Teaching Hospital?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at University of Benin Teaching Hospital exhibit a high level of adherence to infection prevention protocols in surgical theatres.
- There is a significant relationship between adherence to infection prevention protocols and the incidence of surgical site infections.
- Factors such as workload, training, and institutional support significantly influence nurses' adherence to infection prevention protocols in surgical theatres.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in the surgical theatres at University of Benin Teaching Hospital. It will assess their adherence to infection prevention protocols, identify influencing factors, and evaluate the impact of adherence on surgical outcomes. The study will not include other healthcare professionals, such as surgeons or anesthetists, although their roles in infection prevention are acknowledged.
Limitations of the study include potential biases in self-reported data, as nurses may overestimate their adherence to protocols. Additionally, the cross-sectional nature of the study may not provide insights into long-term adherence trends.
Definitions of Terms
- Infection Prevention Protocols: Guidelines and procedures designed to prevent the transmission of infections in healthcare settings, including hand hygiene, sterile techniques, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
- Adherence: The extent to which nurses consistently follow established infection prevention protocols.
- Surgical Site Infections: Infections that occur at the site of a surgical incision or procedure, often caused by bacteria entering through the surgical wound.
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